History of Chinese clan corporations

Clan corporations (or clan corporate) is a social class, which forms around the leaders’ family, mainly consists of relatives and later involves unrelated members. Throughout the history of China, clan corporations were a traditional form of economic activities. For example, the Hui tradespeople (flourished in the XVIII century) was selling salt, tea, rice, silk, paper and porcelain not only in Southeast Asia but also in Portugal. Such clan corporations formed the main body of Chinese middle bureaucracy.

The article is written in wényán wén — classical form of Chinese language until the 20th century. We have an experienced Chinese translator who is familiar with the nuances of this ancient form of language used as literary Chinese not only in China but also across the whole East Asia.

We perform literary translations on every subject: politics, history, travel.